The Economist does an excellent job laying out the Saudi family tree here:
And future potential infighting is succinctly put:
“In April last year, four months after King Salman, his uncle, had ascended to the throne, he duly became crown prince. That was a dramatic break with tradition, because the past six kings of Saudi Arabia have all been sons of the founding monarch and several more are still alive. They were waiting in a brotherly queue. But at last it was decided that the succession would jump a generation. Prince Muhammad bin Nayef, now 57, is officially next up.
That now seems less certain. In the past year King Salman’s own much younger son, also a Muhammad, aged only 31, has burst onto the scene as minister of defence and deputy crown prince, tasked with weaning the kingdom off oil. Overshadowing his older cousin, he has hogged the limelight, promising a string of drastic reforms. King Salman seemed to be grooming him to be his immediate successor.
Crown Prince Muhammad is unlikely to take the mooted demotion lying down…..”
Do read the whole thing…
And, also from The Economist, here is a chart showing sovereign wealth of selected countries including Saudi Arabia:
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